Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is an inherited disorder characterized by the presence of multiple cysts in the kidneys. It is one of the most common hereditary diseases and is estimated to affect around 600,000 people in the US. It is caused by genetic mutations and is usually diagnosed in adulthood. It is a progressive disease, and if left untreated, can lead to kidney failure.
Signs and Symptoms
The most common signs and symptoms of PKD are high blood pressure, abdominal pain, blood in the urine, an enlarged abdomen, and frequent urination. Other less common symptoms include back pain, fatigue, and headaches.
Causes
PKD is caused by genetic mutations in either the PKD1 or PKD2 gene. These gene mutations are passed on from parent to child.
Risk Factors
The main risk factor for developing PKD is having a family history of the disease. Other risk factors include being of certain ethnic backgrounds, such as Hispanic or African-American.
Prevention
There is no known way to prevent PKD, as it is a genetic disorder.
Diagnosis
PKD is usually diagnosed through a physical examination, imaging tests, and a urine test.
Treatment
Treatment for PKD depends on the severity of the disease and can include medications to reduce symptoms and lower blood pressure, surgery to remove cysts, and dialysis for those with kidney failure.
Coping and Support
Living with PKD can be difficult and it is important to have access to support systems to help cope with the disease. Support can come from family, friends, and healthcare professionals.
Complications
Complications of PKD include high blood pressure, anemia, kidney stones, bladder infections, and kidney failure.
Living with Polycystic Kidney Disease
Living with PKD can be difficult, but there are ways to manage the disease and improve quality of life. It is important to keep up with regular doctor visits, adhere to treatments, eat a healthy diet, and get plenty of rest.
Survival Rate
The survival rate for PKD is difficult to determine since it is a progressive disease and there are many factors that can affect it. Generally, those with mild to moderate forms of the disease have a good prognosis and can live a normal lifespan. However, those with severe forms of PKD have a poorer prognosis and may require dialysis or a kidney transplant to survive.
In conclusion, the survival rate for polycystic kidney disease depends on the severity of the disease and how it is managed. With proper treatment and lifestyle modifications, many people with PKD can live a normal lifespan. It is important to have access to support systems and to keep up with regular doctor visits to ensure the best possible outcome.
