Top 10 diseases of the human urinary system include urinary tract infections, kidney stones, interstitial cystitis, urinary incontinence, bladder cancer, nephrotic syndrome, polycystic kidney disease, nephritis, urethritis, and prostate enlargement. Urinary tract infections are the most common of these diseases, caused by bacteria entering the urethra and spreading to other parts of the urinary system. Kidney stones are hard deposits made from calcium and other minerals that can form in the kidneys or ureters. Interstitial cystitis is a chronic condition characterized by bladder pain and pressure. Urinary incontinence is the inability to control urination and is often caused by weakened pelvic floor muscles. Bladder cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the bladder and is often caused by smoking. Nephrotic syndrome is a condition where the kidneys are unable to properly filter waste from the blood. Polycystic kidney disease is an inherited disorder characterized by the growth of numerous cysts in the kidneys. Nephritis is an inflammation of the kidneys caused by an infection or autoimmune disorder. Urethritis is inflammation of the urethra, typically caused by an infection. Prostate enlargement is a common condition in men, characterized by an enlarged prostate gland. While these top 10 diseases of the human urinary system can be serious, early diagnosis and treatment can often improve outcomes.